{"id":3332,"date":"2015-06-29T03:14:39","date_gmt":"2015-06-29T06:14:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/quiprocura.net\/w\/?post_type=portfolio&#038;p=3332"},"modified":"2016-05-04T09:35:18","modified_gmt":"2016-05-04T12:35:18","slug":"super-congelamento","status":"publish","type":"portfolio","link":"https:\/\/quiprocura.net\/w\/portfolio-item\/super-congelamento\/","title":{"rendered":"Super Congelamento"},"content":{"rendered":"<div  class='avia-builder-widget-area clearfix  avia-builder-el-0  el_before_av_image  avia-builder-el-first '><div id=\"text-35\" class=\"widget clearfix widget_text\">\t\t\t<div class=\"textwidget\"><h3>QuiProcura Qu\u00edmica<\/h3>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-5517334625230773\"\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script><br \/>\n<!-- anuncio superior --><br \/>\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\n     style=\"display:inline-block;width:728px;height:90px\"\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-5517334625230773\"\n     data-ad-slot=\"3817602043\"><\/ins><br \/>\n<script>\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\n<\/script><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div>\n<div  class='avia-image-container  av-styling-    avia-builder-el-1  el_after_av_sidebar  el_before_av_two_third  avia-align-center '  itemprop=\"image\" itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"  ><div class='avia-image-container-inner'><div class='avia-image-overlay-wrap'><img class='wp-image-3333 avia-img-lazy-loading-not-3333 avia_image' src='https:\/\/quiprocura.net\/w\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/06\/super-congelamento-quiprocura-845x321.jpg' alt='' title='super congelamento - quiprocura' height=\"321\" width=\"845\"  itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\"  \/><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"flex_column av_two_third  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding first  avia-builder-el-2  el_after_av_image  el_before_av_one_third  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><h1>Super congelamento &#8211;\u00a0o que \u00e9?<\/h1>\n<p>Quase todo mundo j\u00e1 presenciou o fen\u00f4meno f\u00edsico-qu\u00edmico do <strong>super congelamento<\/strong>, no entanto, pouca gente sabe o motivo dele ocorrer ou por que o fen\u00f4meno tem esse nome.<\/p>\n<h2>O que \u00e9 super congelamento?<\/h2>\n<p>O <strong>super congelamento<\/strong> tamb\u00e9m pode ser chamado de <strong>super resfriamento<\/strong>. Para facilitar a compreens\u00e3o, vamos\u00a0exemplificar uma situa\u00e7\u00e3o cotidiana. \u00c0s vezes, colocamos uma garrafa de vidro com cerveja, ou com\u00a0refrigerante no congelador ou freezer e esquecemos de retir\u00e1-la depois de alguns minutos. Se passar algumas horas, o que ocorrer\u00e1 com a garrafa de bebida? Se a garrafa n\u00e3o estiver estourado, ela estar\u00e1 bem gelada. O que fazemos? Retiramos esta garrafa do congelador, segurando-a pelo gargalo, olhamos se o seu conte\u00fado est\u00e1 congelado e como n\u00e3o est\u00e1, a abrimos. Mas quando a abrimos, ela quebra, estoura ou o <strong>l\u00edquido se congela instantaneamente<\/strong>. Quem nunca presenciou este fato, ou ouviu falar?<\/p>\n<p>O que ocorreu com o l\u00edquido foi <strong>super congelamento<\/strong>, ou seja, o l\u00edquido estava em um estado de equil\u00edbrio inst\u00e1vel, no qual\u00a0qualquer coisa poderia interromper o equil\u00edbrio. Quando a garrafa \u00e9\u00a0aberta, o equil\u00edbrio \u00e9\u00a0perturbado e o l\u00edquido congela.<\/p>\n<p>O <strong>super congelamento<\/strong> acontece quando se retira energia rapidamente de um l\u00edquido e ele se resfria\u00a0abaixo da temperatura de solidifica\u00e7\u00e3o. Este fen\u00f4meno ocorre devido ao fato do resfriamento ser muito r\u00e1pido e n\u00e3o ocorrer a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de um &#8220;ponto&#8221; ou cristal inicial, que \u00e9, geralmente, formado para dar in\u00edcio ao <strong>congelamento<\/strong>. Um pequeno cristal formado ir\u00e1 atrair as mol\u00e9culas das proximidades, formando assim, um grande cristal, ou seja, o l\u00edquido congelado.<\/p>\n<p>Com a ocorr\u00eancia do fen\u00f4meno de <strong>super congelamento<\/strong>, o cristal inicial n\u00e3o se forma e as mol\u00e9culas ficam em um <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/quiprocura.net\/wordpress\/2015\/06\/28\/equilibrio-quimico\/\" target=\"_blank\">estado de equil\u00edbrio<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0sens\u00edvel, no estado l\u00edquido, mesmo em temperatura abaixo da necess\u00e1ria para o congelamento do l\u00edquido. Quando ocorre uma pertuba\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0do equil\u00edbrio, seja por balan\u00e7ar a garrafa ou abri-la (diminuindo a press\u00e3o interna, pois h\u00e1 libera\u00e7\u00e3o de g\u00e1s),\u00a0o cristal se forma e o l\u00edquido se congela rapidamente, aumentando a temperatura e liberando calor (calor de cristaliza\u00e7\u00e3o) impercept\u00edvel \u00e0 sensibilidade do tato humano. Dessa forma, o l\u00edquido se congela\u00a0na temperatura de congelamento normal e caso continue resfriando, agora ser\u00e1 o s\u00f3lido que se resfriar\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>No caso da garrafa de bebida (cerveja ou refrigerante), o l\u00edquido \u00e9 composto por uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o aquosa, ou seja, h\u00e1 grande quantidade\u00a0de \u00e1gua. A \u00e1gua, como se sabe, tem a propriedade de ocupar maior volume no estado s\u00f3lido do que no l\u00edquido. Dessa forma, haver\u00e1 a quebra ou estufamento da garrafa. Como o volume aumenta rapidamente (<a href=\"http:\/\/quiprocura.net\/wordpress\/2015\/07\/13\/propriedades-gerais-da-materia-pagina-1\/\" target=\"_blank\">passagem do estado l\u00edquido para o estado s\u00f3lido da \u00e1gua<\/a>), n\u00e3o h\u00e1 espa\u00e7o para a expans\u00e3o,\u00a0havendo a quebra ou estufamento da garrafa.<\/p>\n<p>O fen\u00f4meno do <strong>super congelamento<\/strong> ou\u00a0<b>super resfriamento<\/b>\u00a0\u00e9 bastante comum, n\u00e3o ocorrendo somente para solu\u00e7\u00f5es aquosa, mas para diversos l\u00edquidos.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><div class=\"flex_column av_one_third  flex_column_div av-zero-column-padding   avia-builder-el-4  el_after_av_two_third  avia-builder-el-last  \" style='border-radius:0px; '><p><section class=\"av_textblock_section \"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/CreativeWork\" ><div class='avia_textblock  '   itemprop=\"text\" ><p><b>Escrito por:<\/b> <span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a style=\"color: #000080;\" href=\"http:\/\/quiprocura.net\/wordpress\/author\/miguel-medeiros\/\" target=\"_blank\">Miguel A. Medeiros<\/a><\/span><br \/>\n<b>Revisado\u00a0em:<\/b> 29 de novembro\u00a0de 2015<\/p>\n<\/div><\/section><br \/>\n<\/p><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"featured_media":3333,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","tags":[95,104,506,175,97,12,177,11,174],"portfolio_entries":[48],"class_list":["post-3332","portfolio","type-portfolio","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-alcool","tag-cerveja","tag-ensino-medio","tag-equilibrio","tag-etanol","tag-fisico","tag-molecula","tag-quimica","tag-super-congelamento","portfolio_entries-noticias"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Super Congelamento - QuiProcura<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/quiprocura.net\/w\/portfolio-item\/super-congelamento\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Super Congelamento - 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